FAA Preempts California Anti-Arbitration Law, Ninth Circuit Rules

March 7, 2023

 

What's New

The Federal Arbitration Act preempts California Assembly Bill 51, which makes it a criminal offense for an employer to require an employee or a job applicant to consent to arbitration, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit ruled February 15 in Chamber of Commerce v. Bonta. The Ninth Circuit panel upheld the district court’s grant of a preliminary injunction.

What It Means

The FAA establishes a federal policy favoring arbitration as an alternative to litigation. In 2019, California enacted AB 51. The statute effectively prohibits mandatory arbitration by forbidding employers to require applicants or employees to waive the right to file a lawsuit.

The Chamber of Commerce sued. The district court granted a preliminary injunction prohibiting California officials from enforcing the law, and California appealed.

The Ninth Circuit stated that the Supreme Court has made clear that the FAA’s preemptive scope extends beyond state rules that affect the enforceability of arbitration agreements to include state rules that burden the formation of arbitration agreements.

The state has the option of asking the full Ninth Circuit to review the panel decision or petitioning the U.S. Supreme Court for review. If California does not seek review, the case will go back to the district court for a ruling on the merits, which the court has already indicated is likely to favor the challengers.

What You Should Do

For now, employers in California can continue to require their employees and job applicants to sign arbitration agreements as a condition of getting hired or keeping their job.





RELATED CONTENT


Subscribe to CWC's Updates and Events

CLICK TO SIGN UP




See more

Resources

Our library of sources helping you understand and manage your workplace requirements and risks.

Data Center

Metrics and dashboards guiding you to make statistics and research-driven decisions.

Events

Learn and network at events focused on compliance policy, practice, and strategy.

Diversance Connect

Helping members find and connect with thousands of outreach and recruitment sources.




© 2026 Center for Workplace Compliance (CWC), Washington, DC 20005. All rights reserved

Terms of Service      Privacy Policy      Cookie Policy      Antitrust Policy